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Endangered Species Reading:Polar Bear Makes the List

In Spring 2008,the polar bear was placed on the endangered species list. According to the Endangered Species Act,an endangered species is an animal that is likely to face extinction in its natural habitat. __26__ The ESA defines a threatened species as one that is likely to become“endangered”in the foreseeable future.

The polar bear is the first animal that has been classified as endangered due primarily to global warming. __27__ Heating homes,driving cars,and burning garbage all require fossil fuels that lead to global warming.

The polar bear's habitat is more vulnerable to global warming than many other species. Polar bears live mainly on the sea ice in the Arctic. __28__ When the ice melts many polar bears move to land and live off their stored fat.In the Arctic, global warming is causing the ice to melt slightly earlier and form slightly later. This results in a shorter feeding season for the polar bear. Some risk their lives to find ice.If they have to swim too far they will drown from exhaustion and hunger.

__29__Every species of plant,animal,and insect there is threatened by global warming. Nevertheless,environmentalist groups such as the World Wildlife Fund often study large carnivores in order to assess the health of an ecosystem (生態系統) . __30__ In addition, donations are more commonly offered for the protection of large animals such as bears or elephants. People in general are less interested in conservation efforts that protect small wildlife, such as plants or insects. However,by using donor money to protect the habitat of the larger animals (ex.reforestation programs ) ,entire ecosystems can be protected.

It is important that animals such as the polar bear make it onto the endangered species list.

Once they are on the list there are laws that protect these animals from being hunted for food or sport. Agencies also receive money and tools to protect the habitat and recover the species. The goal of removing the animal from the list is often achievable.In fact,it is rare for a species to go extinct after they make the list. Sadly many species do go extinct while waiting for consideration.

 

A. But adding polar bears to the nation's list of endangered species,as some are now proposing, should not be part of those efforts.

B. Global warming is caused by carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that become trapped   in the atmosphere.

C. The Arctic food chain relies on the polar bear.

D. It is not only the polar bear that is at risk in the Arctic.

E. This is where they hunt for fish and build up fat reserves.

F. Polar bears have been categorized as a“threatened”species.

The workers' participation (參與 ) in management might save a plant from closing down.

• A、True
  
  

• B、False
  
  

• C、Not Given
  
  

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What do Shoes Can Do?

Researchers say people can __41__(accurate ) judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality by looking at the person's shoes.“Shoes convey useful information about people,”the authors wrote in the study __42__ (publish ) in a journal.“Shoes serve as __43__ (verbal ) cues with symbolic messages.”Medical Daily notes that the number of  44  (detail ) personality traits include someone's emotional __45__ (stable ) .Gillath said the __46__ (judge ) were based on the style,cost,color and condition of shoes.In the study, volunteers were __47__ (photograph ) in their most commonly worn shoes. and then filled out a questionnaire. Some of the results were expected:People with higher incomes commonly wore expensive shoes,and flashier footwear was __48__ (typical ) worn by extroverts. However,some of the results are intriguing. For example,practical shoes were generally worn by more”__49__ (agree ) ”people,while ankle boots were more closely aligned with“aggressive” personalities. The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits,but researchers noted that volunteers were likely to be __50__(aware ) that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities.